Robust Identification of Contrasted Frames in Fluoroscopic Images

For automatic registration of 3-D models of the left atrium to fluoroscopic images, a reliable classification of images containing contrast agent is necessary. Inspired by previous approaches on contrast agent detection, we propose a learning-based framework which is able to classify contrasted frames more robustly than previous methods. Furthermore, we performed a quantitative evaluation on a clinical data set consisting of 34 angiographies. Our learning-based approach reached a classification rate of 79.5%. The beginning of a contrast injection was detected correctly in 79.4%.